Eisenia fetida

Revision as of 10:56, 16 April 2015

General data	Thematic references	Distribution references
Eisenia fetida (Savigny, 1826)

Taxonomy

Family: Lumbricidae Genus: Eisenia

Synonyms:	Enterion fetidum Savigny, 1826: 182. Lumbricus foetidus: Duges 1837 Allolobophora foetida: Eisen 1874; Benham 1899 Lumbricus annulatus Hutton, 1877 Endrilus ? annulatus: Smith 1887 ... more synonyms
► See also NCBI database

Short description
External characteristics: N/A
Internal characteristics: N/A
External characteristics Length: 50-120mm. Diameter: 2-4mm. 80-120 segments. Cylindrical body shape. Pigmentation violet-red and striped with antero-posterior and dorso-ventral gradient. Clitellum dark red-orange. Setae closely paired. Prostomium epilobous. Small dorsal pores, the first in (3/4) 4/5. Mucus coloured with a foul odor. Nephropores alternate between setal lines ab and cd. Male pore punctiforme in 1/2 15, in ab. Female pore well developed, punctiforme in 1/2 14, in ab. Spermathecae open in 9/10-10/11, in cd. Clitellum saddle-shaped in (25) 26-32 (33). Tubercles as distinct bands on (27) 28-30 (31). Internal characteristics First septum in 4/5. Moniliforme hearts in 7-11. Nephridia tubular. Excretory system holonephridial, nephridial bladders tubular shaped. Calciferous glands in 10-13 (14) without diverticula with bulging in 12. Crop in 15-16. Gizzard in 17-18. Typhlosole beginning gradually around 21. Seminal vesicles in 9, 10, 11, 12 and smaller in 9, 10 than in 11, 12. Spermathecae simple, intra-coelomic, in 9 and 10. Small ovisacs present. Possible confusion Species often confused with Eisenia andrei.

Distribution

Geographical origin:	Europe.
Distribution status:	Peregrine
Present in:	Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Argentina, Austria, Azores, Bangladesh, Belarus, Bermuda, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Canary Islands, Chile, Colombia, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, Finland, France, French Guiana, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Greenland, Guatemala, Guyana, Hawaii, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kirghizstan, Korea, Latvia, Lebanon, Lithuania, Macedonia, Madeira, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Nepal, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Norway, Pakistan, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Puerto Rico, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saint Helena Island, Serbia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Taiwan, Thailand, The Netherlands, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela,
► See also distribution references

Biology-Ecology

Ecological category:	Epigeic, Epiendogeic, Corticolous
Climatic zone:	Boreal, Temperate, Mediterranean, Sub-tropical
Habitat:	Forests, Croplands, Urban areas
Micro-habitat:	Soil, Dead woods

E. fetida is a species only found in temperate and boreal countries. In nature, this epigeic species lives near the soil surface, within the decomposing organic matter, or in dead woods. Due to its high affinity with composting material, it has become the main species used in vermiculture. It is also a central species as model in toxicological studies and scientific research on earthworm molecular biology.

Pictures
Adult specimen

General data

Thematic references

Distribution references

@@ Line 5: / Line 5: @@
 |original_description_author=Savigny
 |original_description_year=1826
-|synonyms=''Enterion fetidum'' Savigny, 1826: 182.<br/>
+|synonym_01=Enterion fetidum
-''Lumbricus foetidus'': Duges 1837<br/>
+|synonym_reference_01=Savigny, 1826: 182.
-''Allolobophora foetida'': Eisen 1874; Benham 1899<br/>
+|synonym_02=Lumbricus foetidus:
-''Lumbricus annulatus'' Hutton, 1877<br/>
+|synonym_reference_02=Duges 1837
-''Endrilus ? annulatus'': Smith 1887<br/>
+|synonym_03=Allolobophora foetida:
-''Allolobophora (Notogama) foetida'': Eisen 1874<br/>
+|synonym_reference_03=Eisen 1874; Benham 1899
-''Allolobophora foetidus'': Smith 1893<br/>
+|synonym_04=Lumbricus annulatus
-''Eisenia foetida'': Michaelsen, 1900; Hutton, 1904; Benham, 1915; Ude, 1929; Cernosvitov and Evans, 1947.<br/>
+|synonym_reference_04=Hutton, 1877
-''Helodrilus (Eisenia) foetidus'': Michaelsen, 1910<br/>
+|synonym_05=Endrilus ? annulatus:
-''Eisenia fetida fetida'': Bouche, 1972: 380.<br/>
+|synonym_reference_05=Smith 1887
-''Eisenia fetida'': Pavlicek et al. 2003: 456; Csuzdi and Zicsi 2003: 143.<br/>
+|synonym_06=Allolobophora (Notogama) foetida:
+|synonym_reference_06=Eisen 1874
+|synonym_07=Allolobophora foetidus:
+|synonym_reference_07=Smith 1893
+|synonym_08=Eisenia foetida:
+|synonym_reference_08=Michaelsen, 1900; Hutton, 1904; Benham, 1915; Ude, 1929; Cernosvitov and Evans, 1947.
+|synonym_09=Helodrilus (Eisenia) foetidus:
+|synonym_reference_09=Michaelsen, 1910
+|synonym_10=Eisenia fetida fetida:
+|synonym_reference_10=Bouche, 1972: 380.
 |short_description='''''External characteristics'''''<br/>
 Length: 50-120mm. Diameter: 2-4mm. 80-120 segments. Cylindrical body shape. Pigmentation violet-red and striped with antero-posterior and dorso-ventral gradient. Clitellum dark red-orange. Setae closely paired. Prostomium epilobous. Small dorsal pores, the first in (3/4) 4/5. Mucus coloured with a foul odor. Nephropores alternate between setal lines ab and cd. Male pore punctiforme in 1/2 15, in ab. Female pore well developed, punctiforme in 1/2 14, in ab. Spermathecae open in 9/10-10/11, in cd. Clitellum saddle-shaped in (25) 26-32 (33). Tubercles as distinct bands on (27) 28-30 (31).

From DriloBASE Taxo

Revision as of 10:56, 16 April 2015